Sir John A. Macdonald Birthday Messages from the Canada’s Two Major Political Parties

11 01 2010

Statement from Liberal Party leader Michael Ignatieff on Sir John A. Macdonald Day
Published on January 11, 2010 at 12:00, Ottawa time

Liberal Leader Michael Ignatieff made the following statement to commemorate the birthday of Canada’s first Prime Minister:

“Today we honour the memory of the first Prime Minister of Canada, Sir John A. Macdonald, who was born on January 11, 1815.

As one of Canada’s Fathers of Confederation, Macdonald set aside partisan differences to reform Canada’s political system, culminating in the confederation of the Province of Canada with the Maritime colonies of New Brunswick and Nova Scotia in 1867.

An adept and visionary politician, he applied his love and passion for Canada towards growing and unifying our country.   Amongst his many feats was the expansion of Canada’s territory, building the Canadian Pacific Railway and founding the North-West Mounted Police.

Macdonald overcame considerable personal tragedy to leave an indelible mark on Canadian politics, with a tenure in office spanning 18 years, making him the second longest serving Prime Minister of Canada.  Even after all this time he remains the only Canadian Prime Minister to win six majority governments.

On behalf of the Liberal Party of Canada and our Parliamentary caucus, I encourage Canadians to take a moment to reflect on one of our country’s greatest historical figures and how his wise and passionate leadership helped carve out this great nation.”

Statement from Stephen Harper, Conservative Party leader, issued at 21:17, Ottawa time

“Today, Canadians are celebrating the memory and legacy of Sir John A. Macdonald, Canada’s first prime minister, whose vision and enterprise were instrumental in setting Canada on the path to becoming the country we know and love today.

“Born in Scotland on January 11, 1815, John A. Macdonald emigrated to Canada with his family when he was five years old.  His spent his early professional years as a lawyer and city alderman in Kingston, Ontario, and then as a representative in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada.  These experiences shaped his political ideas and ambitions through a long, illustrious and tumultuous career.

“He pursued his vision for a united Canada with conviction and determination, forging alliances across partisan lines and regional interests to promote and realize his national dream.  He will be forever remembered as Canada’s most distinguished public figure, enshrined as one of Canada’s Fathers of Confederation, as well as becoming our country’s first prime minister with the union of the first four provinces on July 1, 1867.

“Sir John A. Macdonald rose to meet the many challenges, professional, political and personal, that he faced in building our nation.  Along the way, `The Old Chieftan` left us a legacy of conviction, patriotism and achievement that remains an inspiration to Canadians today.”

Vapid boilerplate in both cases. I would have expected that the guy who once taught Canadian history at UBC would have had something more insightful to say.





Macdonald’s Birthday

11 01 2010

John A. Macdonald, 1875. Image from Library and Archives Canada

Today is  commonly regarded as the birthday of Sir John A. Macdonald. In honour of the day, Arthur Milnes, a fellow at the Centre for the Study of Democracy at Queen’s University, has published some thoughts on the state of Canadian political biography. As someone who will soon be teaching a course on the “Life and and Times of Sir John A. Macdonald”, I appreciate his call for the production of more political biography in Canada!

Milnes is a prolific author. Check out the list of his publications on Amazon.ca.

Update: Andrew Coyne has also published a few thoughts on Macdonald day.

I have uploaded a link to the draft of the syllabus of the “Life and Times of Macdonald” course. Please note that this isn’t the finalized version.





TVO.ORG | Video | The Agenda – Dominic Giroux

10 01 2010

An interview with Dominic Giroux, the President of Laurentian University (where I teach).

Vodpod videos no longer available.





Is Google Books Good for Historians?

10 01 2010

This topic was debated at the recent meeting of the American Historical Association in San Diego. See here. Hat tip to JL.





Historian Barry Eichengreen on the History of the International Monetary System

10 01 2010

Great interview!





My Teaching This Week

8 01 2010

Classes at this university resumed on 4 January.

On Monday, I met the students in my post-Confederation Canadian history survey course. Actually, many of them were in the pre-Confederation course before Christmas, but there were also some new faces in the lecture hall. My lecture on Monday mainly dealt with administrative issues, reviewing the course outline. The lecture on Wednesday was on Canadian political history from 1867 to 1878. I got to talk about the Pacific Scandal and the origins of the National Policy.

Honours Seminar

The students in my fourth-year seminar on British North America presented their research proposals to the class this week. Each student spoke for five minutes about their proposed essay topic. They also submitted written essay topic proposals and working bibliographies.

I’m really excited about the research projects. Some high quality essays are going to emerge from this seminar! The students’ research proposals show that they are interested in a diverse range of historical subjects. The most popular topic was the Fenian Raids. Undergraduates are always drawn to the Fenian Raids because they involved bloodshed. Moreover, one of my colleagues, the department specialist in military history, also teaches about Irish history, and our students are exposed to lots of information about the Irish nationalism. I think that may also have been a factor directing the attention of so many students to the Fenians. One student is looking at the 1868 assassination of T.D. McGee.

Fenian Raid Volunteers, Montreal, 1866

Someone else is looking at the impact of mineral development in the 1840s and 1850s on the Natives living north of Lakes Huron and Superior. His powerpoint presentation for class included a very cool photo of the mines on Silver Islet, a speck of land in Lake Superior that was developed in the pre-Confederation period.

One girl will be writing her essay on public executions in Canada in the 1860s. She is trying to find out why the Macdonald government ended public executions in 1870. She has found some excellent primary sources online, including a document in Macdonald’s handwriting. Abortion and the changes to Canada’s abortion law made in the 1840s is something one female student will be writing about. She has found some good primary sources. Another student, who hails from the town of Stratford, is examining the impact of railway construction in the 1850s on her hometown. She accessed some materials in a local archive over the Christmas break. A student of South Asian heritage has announced that his essay will be on Canadian reactions to the Indian Mutiny in 1857, which a great topic, especially since Canadians formed a regiment to help put down the rising. I’m also looking forward to reading the essay on Sir John A. Macdonald’s role in the negotiation of the Treaty of Washington.

Today, I met my graduate course. This is the first graduate-level course I have ever taught. Four of our MA students are in the class.   The course is structured around the records of a company named Montreal Telegraph, which was the dominant provider of telegraphy in central Canada in the 1850s and 1860s. Luckily for our purposes, its records were preserved in pristine condition in the national archives in Ottawa. Students in most graduate level courses focus on writing a research essay.

Telegram Carried by the Montreal Telegraph Company. This telegram was coded and carried military information regarding the Fenian Raids.

In this class, the students will be doing something very different, namely a group project related to the history of this company that will involve creating a website. This website, which shall explain the history of the company, will be left online for two years. The group project is designed to teach the students about the use of primary sources and new methods of presenting historical knowledge that go beyond the traditional essay. I am a great believer in teaching students digital humanities skills (e.g., how to create website and then promote it, how to register a domain name, etc). This course should advance this educational agenda. The other goals of the course are to teach the students about 19th century Canadian history, the social impact of the telecommunications revolution in nineteenth-century North America, and to introduce students to the vast literature on business history. I should mention that in addition to being a history of 19th century North America, I’m also a member of the Business History Conference.

The website on Montreal Telegraph will go live in April, at the end of the term. I shall keep blog readers posted.





The Economist on Canada: Criticism from Mother England Stings

8 01 2010

The Economist used to have a favourable impression of Canada. Think of the famous 2003 cover image of a cool Canadian moose wearing sunglasses. Alas, the Canadian chic is wearing thin with the London-based magazine. The sunglasses are off and the moose has been shot and carved up for meat. This week’s issue is very critical of the decision of the Harper’s government to prorogue parliament.

For Canadian reaction to the Economist‘s comments on suspension of parliament, see here, here, and here. The Economist‘s condemnation is getting a lot of press in Canada. Perhaps this is because the British magazine once condemned Paul Martin as “Mr Dithers” and endorsed Harper in 2006 and 2008. I also think that Canadians are stung by the fact a publication in Britain, which is the fountainhead of our political institutions, has suggested that the actions of our Prime Minister fly in the face of constitutional convention. Many Canadians may dimly remember from high school the part of the British North America Act 1867 that reads: “Whereas the Provinces of Canada, Nova Scotia, and New Brunswick have expressed their Desire to be federally united into One Dominion under the Crown of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, with a Constitution similar in Principle to that of the United Kingdom…”

I don’t agree with the decision to prorogue parliament. However, it disturbs me that in 2010, the opinion of a British publication could carry so much weight in Canada. Is this colonial cringe?





Janet Ecker on Making Canada a Global Financial Centre

8 01 2010

In this interview, Janet Ecker discusses how to make Toronto a global financial sector. On a related note, readers may be interested in my earlier post on the need for a national securities regulator in Canada.





Great Blog Post on Riel

8 01 2010

Sean Kheraj, who is teaching a course on Western Canadian history, has posted some great images and video clips related to Louis Riel to his blog.  Check it out!





Senate Reform

7 01 2010

Senate Chamber

The Harper Government has announced its intention to re-open the issue of Senate Reform. I have a few quick thoughts about this.

1)      The Governments of Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Manitoba, which have nearly half the country’s population, are in favour of the outright abolition of the Senate. Unicameralism seems to work well for the provinces. The last province to abolish its unelected upper house was Quebec. No province is considering reintroducing bicameralism at the provincial level. We should consider Senate abolition. Senate abolition has been discussed more or less continuously since the 1920s. Let’s act.

2)      According to the amending formula entrenched in the 1982 constitution, changing the Senate will require the consent of the provinces. What will the provinces ask for in return for going along with this?

3)      Canada’s House of Lords Senate is only one of the more objectionable parts of our constitutional inheritance from Britain. As I showed on this blog, the visit of Prince Charles prompted a great deal of discussion about the future of the monarchy in Canada. Most young Canadians think that Canada should become a republic. One could argue that changing our head of state is more important than changing the upper house. Senate reform is a largely symbolic issue, but the head of state is far more important symbolically. We don’t have pictures of the Senate on our coins. If we are going to scrap or change the Senate, maybe we should deal with the monarchy at the same time.

Update: Jeffrey Simpson has a very good article on this issue in today’s paper.